The following is a recent email conversation between UP board members Karen Watts, Barbara Ehrenreich, Bill Holland, Cryn Johannsen, Trude Diamond, and Tom Bishop. They want this to be a continuous discussion — please add your comments!
Karen Watts: I just saw an interview on the financial news about how the “American worker has priced themselves out” of the global job market. Is this perhaps something we should address? If this is the prevailing attitude in the corporate mind I think we have a problem. I know that for me the $1 per article that Indian and Eastern European writers demand would mean a 24 hour work day…and then I’d still be starving. I imagine many other white collar jobs (which was one of the highlights of this discussion) pay similarly horrible wages when outsourced.
Thoughts?
Cryn Johannsen: I am really glad you sent this out. I think it definitely needs to be addressed. When you think of this argument vis-a-vis student loans, it makes the claim even more problematic, does it not?
Karen: For months Robert Reich, former labor secretary, has been warning that many outsourced jobs are gone for good. He has also stated stated that “American workers have priced themselves out of the job market.”
Trude: Reich’s solution is “permanent new investments in the productivity of Americans” in the form of “Big ones that span many years: early childhood education for every young child, excellent K-12, fully-funded public higher education, more generous aid for kids from middle-class and poor families to attend college, good health care, more basic R&D that’s done here in the U.S., better and more efficient public transit like light rail, a power grid that’s up to the task, and so on.”
http://robertreich.blogspot.com
http://robertreich.org
Trude: That strategy is all well and good for generations beginning with those in elementary schools now, and it will build upon the strategy toward highly functional reading/math/critical-thinking skills education and career-oriented curricula that many schools began to develop several years ago. But what does this attitude mean for the thousands of unemployed and underemployed today here in the United States?
Karen: It would seem that the only hope of landing a job lies in being willing to settle for 3rd world wages. Even if your ego allows you to make such a decision, how are you going to survive? Many of the pat answers we hear so often about living within our means and being willing to accept “any job” simply fall apart when examined closely. For example, live in a small apartment and take the bus to work, sounds like a good solution unless you live in a rural community without multifamily housing or public transit. Get a second job is also a favorite platitude. Never mind that childcare in many communities costs more than many of these entry level jobs pay, and is only available during traditional business hours.
It is true that the economy has changed in new, and sometimes awful and probably permanent, ways. We will have to adapt as a nation. But does Mr. Reich or corporate America really believe that adults can survive on minimum wage jobs? Even should you work a budgeting miracle and learn to live on approximately $16,000 to $17,000 a year, how in the world will you save for the future, support children or pay off the student loans for the education it took to land this dream job?
We need the administration to move beyond pronouncements and good intentions. It is time to dig deep into the complicated problems of creating new jobs for our vast unemployed/underemployed educated class and address the crushing debt they acquired based on the promise that education would lead to a better job and future.
Karen: I got a newsletter this morning from one of my local contacts. In it she advocates again that everyone should be working toward a “credit free” lifestyle. Aside from the business impracticalities of this, she is ignoring the concept of survival credit. I found one blog on it but cannot find any current data–I know that this is a big issue. People are using credit cards to buy the essentials of life like gas and groceries because their wages do not cover their basic living expenses. Perhaps this is a question we should pose as part of this?
Tom Bishop: The American workers have not priced themselves out of the job market, they have been priced out. By companies willing to pay people who went to free universities and live in economies where one can survive on far less than here. This is about how corporate America strangled its own workforce for so long that it finally killed it.
And it will kill the new workforces too.
This is a great year for bashing corporations, and I think it’s already time to start planning for summer (you know how conservatives love summer for getting their message out). Let’s make them defend Wall Street.
I would love to send my thoughts on this “Pricing Out The American Worker” very soon, if that is welcome…
Trude Diamond: Tom’s offer sounds perfect to me. Thanks, Tom, from a formerly 6-figure salaried American communications guru who now makes about $30/hr working freelance for a company based in India. Paybacks really are hell — in this case, the hell is being wreaked on the employees rather than the corporations. Onward!
Bill Holland: These comments are intended to encourage, not discourage the discussion.
For my money the discussion is too “left/right.” I.e., much too much along traditional ideological lines. It is an ongoing part of the “blame-game” played far too often. To suggest that the American worker has “priced” himself out of the market–or its equally accusatory counter-part that the the Capitalists have taken the market away, makes it difficult to examine the emerging global realities that are forcing the issue.
There has been an ongoing restructuring of the global workforce for well over 30 years. Even when, and as, this economic recession ends, it will not end the underlying shifts in the way goods and services are produced and distributed. As such, we are in for somewhat of another jobless recovery. As a result, there are lots of people in harm’s way. The large question is what can be done about it and how quickly can we do it.
I do not think there is any real chance that the restructuring can be stopped–not sure it should be either. But just as when farmers were forced off the land in Oklahoma and elsewhere, and just as unions came into existence in response to BIG CAPITAL, there is an opportunity for public policy to play an ameliorating role.
In some quarters, that discussion has already started with former Labor Secretary Robert Reich and in various other places among the American intelligentsia including Jared Bernstein’s friends over at the Economic Policy Institute. I would like to see others join in.
But I fear we do not get very far when the first question we ask and answer is “who’s the bad guy?”
Karen Watts: I like these ideas. For me (personally) I wish to avoid a left/right kind of debate as I feel this gets people into “automatic” thinking and they just start preaching the party line…for whatever party that happens to be for them. I guess my concern about the Americans overpricing themselves out of the market idea is that it is overly simplistic and not solution focused. Okay, some jobs are not coming back. The job market is global. Now how can we and our elected leaders start coming up with creative solutions. My original idea was that the attitude/platitude of “pricing out” was basically a discussion stopper and not starter.
Tom Bishop: I looked up some figures about India, China, and the US in the CIA factbook (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/). The result:
“Have American workers priced themselves out of the job market?”
Among corporate leaders, cable news personalities, business publication editors, and business school professors, this is considered a fair question. Heads nod and faces crinkle in agreement with the general idea that workers in America have gotten themselves into a terrible situation. They’ve paid for expensive college degrees and bought decent suburban houses near the corporate centers of power. They’ve done everything their parents told them. Despite all this, they have to compete harder than ever to find jobs that will pay the bills.
Business leaders do see a problem with this, of course; they often complain that they can’t find workers in America with the right combination of experience, skill, and willingness to work for a wage that fails to feed their children. Corporate leaders gripe about a shortage of US Visas, and of having to find talent overseas, in countries whose labor forces are larger than the US’ entire population. They are forced to find workers who scramble over each other to win business contracts that pay a sum that might buy a week’s groceries in the US.
Now that’s a work ethic, say America’s business thinkers. Why don’t America’s workers have that?
This is the current wisdom in the business world; American workers are fat, lazy, unskilled, unwilling, and overpaid. If they can’t get ahead, it is obviously their own fault.
Drivel.
The economic destruction that has worked its will upon America’s workers over the past four decades does have a source. That source is not as organized as a true conspiracy should be, but it is organized enough to turn this incredible, preposterous idea into truth. The notion that globalization is an unstoppable force moving under its own power, and that there is nothing that can or should be done, is pretty well embedded into the American psyche.
An alternative to this drivel is rarely voiced.
By now, most Americans understand what globalization is. It is either the reason their stock values keep climbing, or for far more, it is the force that threatens the career they once banked their futures on. Corporate and political leaders agree in a nearly monolithic way that globalization is a good thing, even though the opposite becomes clearer to the working and middle classes every day.
Those who dare to speak ill of globalization or suggest fixes are met by accusations of protectionism, divisiveness, and playing the blame game.
This creates a practical challenge; to deal with globalization’s effect in a way that will benefit America’s embattled workforce and its economy, it is necessary to identify the cause. Yet, it is no accident that identifying the cause is akin to belching in the presence of the Queen.
So here goes: the cause is the myopic short-term focus of America’s corporate leaders.
Businesspeople used to plan for the next five to ten years. Today, most leaders don’t look beyond next quarter. That means they focus on cutting costs rather than developing ideas. They look to the quickest, cheapest and easiest way to meet a bid or finish a project, even if it means more wasted effort later on. They seek solutions overseas, regardless of the cost to quality, staff cohesion, or customer loyalty. Future inefficiencies are ignored in favor of immediate financial gain.
This is the very reason that America’s workers have suffered higher long-term unemployment and a reduction in average household income. Because corporate leaders are no longer dedicated to expanding their workforce or building a stable future, workers have suffered a depressed economy and a loss of bargaining power. And the downward spiral continues.
Why is it necessary to identify the cause of this spiral? The reason is simple: any solution is unlikely to benefit everyone. America’s corporate interests are going to have to pay, in the form of reduced short-term profits and stock values.
The right approach is to include them as a partner in the debate, but a very well-founded assumption is that corporate interests will not be honest dealers. They have benefited from the squeezing of America’s workforce for too long, and are dedicated to it continuing.
The solution to helping America’s workforce get back on its feet will look a heck of a lot like protectionism. The populations of the two most populous countries, India and China, outweigh the US population by eight times. Their workforces outnumber US workers by ten times. Yet, their average GDP per capita is about a tenth of the US’. Nobody needs a calculator to see that the majority of America’s workers will have to sink to unimagined levels of squalor to bring the workers of India and China to parity.
That leaves out billions of workers in emerging nations around the world. Clearly, America’s corporate leaders are not interested in giving up this joyride. We have to make them give it up.
- We have to force legislation from the current administration that ends the freedom of outsourcing.
- We also have to force legislation that enables and encourages the growth of unions at the expense of corporations.
- We have to embrace the insourced laborers who have come here for a better life, but are treated by companies as fodder for industrial and agricultural production, as well as to put downward pressure on wages.
- We have to force legislation that penalizes companies for moving headquarters offshore to avoid taxation.
- We have to force legislation that either raises capital gains taxes or treats them as earned income, to discourage the paying of dividends and encourage reinvestment instead.
- We have to force legislation that repeals the portions of the Fair Credit Reporting Act that allow companies to review credit ratings in hiring practices.
The result of all of these measures will be to embolden America’s workers to demand fair compensation and benefits for the work they do. They must have a foundation on which to demand career stability for themselves and their families. The long-term result is the strengthening of America’s economy, boosting its ability to develop ideas and build badly-needed innovations that will drive industries.
Corporations will not be willing to lose their certain short-term gains in order to reap uncertain long-term growth. That is why their interests are not part of this equation. They own the current conventional wisdom, largely because they created it.
It is time to create a new wisdom that favors the working and middle classes. If that’s playing the blame game, so be it.
Cryn Johannsen: Regardless of how you see it, there are institutional inefficiencies with regard to the way in which capitalism operates. When I think of these arguments vis-a-vis the student lending crisis in this country, it’s frightening to me.
I possess so many degrees from the most prestigious universities in this country (U. of Chicago, Brown, and I was also an exchange scholar at Harvard), and at this point I can’t get a job in this country to save my life! So I am fleeing the country for better opportunities AND pay abroad.
But what about the student loan debtors who can’t do that? Their jobs are being shipped abroad and will never come back. This situation is affecting countless industries. (I consider myself lucky that I can take my skills abroad – many of the people for whom I advocate can’t).
Also, when you think about the fact that the vast of majority of the wealth in this country is controlled by a tiny percentage of people, then you can, in my humble opinion, point fingers at a system and particular individuals. Nevertheless, it’s a matter of looking ahead and insisting that we shift the system, so that it’s more equitable. I couldn’t care less if my argument seems out-dated for academia. I’ve spent plenty of time discussing and writing about the nuances of post-industrial capitalism, and frankly power structures haven’t changed that dramatically. That’s coming from someone who appreciates post-modernism and every day life theories.
Bill Holland: You have hit on several issues that are near and dear. Your words are kind when you say there are certain “institutional inefficiencies” in how capitalism works as can be seen in the student lending crisis. That program is a violation of the most fundamental of the rules regarding capitalism–i.e., capital is rewarded or punished based on the risk to which it is exposed. In the case of student loans, the government takes the risks and the banks get the reward at no risks to them at all. It may be among the worse of all tricks banks are allowed to play.
Oh yes, it would be nice if there were some explicit agreement that those who sacrifice and attend school have jobs waiting at the other end of their workplace hiatus. Truth is, there are no jobs reserved with their names on them–never have been and never will be. Perhaps you are referring to that golden post WW II era when companies allowed universities to do their screening for them by accepting the degree as the credential for entry into their white collar jobs.
Universities (except for places like Reed) accepted the revenue from student generated demand for vocationally relevant education without ever fully accepting the responsibility. I am afraid that the link between a degree and employment is little more than a marriage of convenience. As Bernstein has argued, the spoils of globalization go disproportionately to those whose skills often have little to do with their formal education. It is distinctly possible that the most formally educated among us are destined for high unemployment rates.
The collective solution lies in pubic policy–retraining, better controls on global trade, and the realization that the outcomes of capitalism should not be a substitute for reasoned public policy.
For individuals, the solution is different. The new currency of the realm is something I call “value-creation.” The least among us has the opportunity to create value for others–be they employers, people we choose to help or goods and services we offer for sale. And this is just the beginning of the new order of things.
A full expose here is inappropriate. It is the subject of my next book, “Cracking the Employment Code: Nine New Rules for Finding White Collar Work.” Much of it is aimed at those caught in the paradigm shift between education as a ticket for entry and a refrain from larger and larger numbers of graduating college seniors who wonder ”Now that I have my degree, where is my career?”
Tom Bishop: Bill, your points on this helped a great deal in what I wrote and sent to Karen last evening. It is critical to avoid simplistic politics and focus on solutions as you have. I only disagree on one point: the fault should be identified, since the current economic structure will have to change severely, and the people who will be most upset are powerful enough to have created the structure in the first place.
The original question was whether workers did this to themselves. I find the question itself unacceptable. It shows that the people responsible for what has happened have already created a frame that should never have been considered reasonable. Any debate has to undercut that frame as its first action.
Bill Holland: Tom Bishop–right on!
Barbara Ehrenreich: sounds really good to me, Tom. But by “public health insurance” do you mean Medicaid?
My only big issue with Reich: He has argued for so long that the cure for everything is more education, apparently not noticing the destruction of the educated middle class. Or has he changed his mind on this?
Not that I’m not all for more education, and this weekend’s tea party convention certainly showed the need for it.
Karen Watts: I think Barbara is hitting on the issue that Cryn and I have been talking about in other blogs and venues online. For years we have been hammering into everyone’s heads that education is the path to success. This has led thousands of people to take on debt they will never be able to conquer because when they enter the job market with their newly minted degrees there are no jobs available to them. Education is not a cure-all as we have discussed at length. Young graduates must face the fact that traditional entry level white collar jobs have been outsourced and older graduates realize that a new degree does not negate an “old” face in a society that still worships youth.
I filled out the “contact me” form on Reich’s blog asking him to clarify his ideas on the Dec. blog in question.